Ji Son

Ji Son
College of Natural & Social Sciences
Department of Psychology
Office KH3061
Phone
(323) 343-2261

INTRODUCTION

I am a Professor of Psychology at Cal State LA, where I enjoy teaching statistics and cognitive psychology. My teaching goal is to equip students with modern skills and perspectives they can carry with them well beyond their time at Cal State LA. My research focuses on how to teach hard things to all students. To do this, I draw on an interdisciplinary blend of improvement science, technology development, and learning science theory. I also write and speak publicly about education and equity, pushing individuals and institutions to build inspiring futures for learning, rather than be caught off guard by how the world changes. At heart, my work brings together joyful communities of instructors, researchers, and developers committed to improving the educational experience for students. 

When I’m not teaching or conducting research with my excellent students and collaborators, you can find me parenting two tween boys, experimenting with vegetable-based muffins, trying (and failing) to go viral on LinkedIn, pushing for housing policies that give all kids access to high-quality public schools, and obsessively reading The New York Times and The Economist. I also inexplicably wrote a slow-burn romance novel, The Long Con, which is now available on Amazon, Barnes & Noble, BookShop, Apple Books, and even at some local libraries.

Ji Son at several speaking engagements (Google Eng Edu, SXSW Edu, Stanford HAI)

TEACHING INTERESTS

I teach courses in statistics, research methodology, developmental psychology, cognition and perception. My classes emphasize learning by doing: students pose questions, analyze data, and debate theories while making connections to core concepts in the field, useful representations (like algebraic notation and R coding), and real-world issues. My favorite moments are when students go beyond the assignment out of genuine curiosity, for example, extending a class discussion on homelessness by modeling their own hypotheses and exploring extra data!

Because many students arrive in statistics classes with math anxiety or limited prior exposure to coding, I emphasize building confidence, community, and removing unnecessary barriers to learning. In a study of 672 undergraduates published in the Journal of Statistics and Data Science Education (“Teaching Statistics and Data Analysis with R”), we found that this approach helped students who began with negative attitudes toward R develop more positive ones over the course, regardless of background or prior experience.

These commitments extend into my curriculum design work. Funded in part by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, I have co-authored an introductory statistics textbook (Statistics and Data Science: A Modeling Approach) with James Stigler (UCLA), available at CourseKata.org. The book is designed from the ground up with learning science principles and continuously improves through embedded assessments and usage data from tens of thousands of users across over 150 institutions. Additionally, I am also the director of the CalStateLA Statistics Teaching Collaboration and have created a General Statistics Online Course featured on Educator.com

Confidence Goes Up, Anxiety Goes Down CourseKata embeds coding directly into campus Learning Management (e.g., Canvas) with no software installation required, removing one of the biggest barriers to learning to code. A screenshot of how this looks in Cal State LA's Canvas is accompanied by a graph of these results.

RESEARCH INTERESTS

I study how people develop abstract, flexible ways of thinking--the kind of thinking that allows us to tackle the big problems of the modern world. Much of my research examines generalization: how learners take what they know and apply it to novel situations. In laboratory studies, I have investigated this process in young children learning about shapes, colors, and patterns, as well as in school-age children and adults learning statistics, mathematics, and data science.

Alongside this basic research, I work on the translation of learning science into educational practice at scale. Many instructors approach teaching with the same intuition and curiosity they bring to research but institutions rarely provide the infrastructure to test and continuously improve upon those designs with data. My work brings improvement science methods to teaching, helping schools, departments, and systems of universities build feedback loops that link design decisions to evidence. 

This translational focus has led to large-scale curriculum development projects, most notably CourseKata.org, a platform for the research and development of STEM learning materials (statistics, data science, algebra, physics) used at 150 institutions by over 34,000 students. Supported by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, CA Learning Lab, the Cal State, Valhalla Foundation, and the Gates Foundation, this work demonstrates how research, design, and data can come together to improve learning experiences across diverse contexts for a broad base of students.

Looking ahead, my research continues to delve into how students develop curiosity for learning hard things, how instructional design can reduce inequities in STEM, and how new forms of assessment can capture learning and growth in ways traditional tests cannot.

speaking, with coursekata team, with power women and the long con books

PUBLICATIONS

Find more papers and downloads here.

Essays, Commentaries, and Op-Eds

TitleDate
Son, J. Y., Sutter, C. C., & Stigler, J. W. (2025, September 2). CourseKata’s experience as a DataFest Donor. AmStat News.2025
Son, J. Y., & Ngo, F. (2025, June 17). Community college math policy: Balancing big picture gains and classroom struggles. EdSource.2025
Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J. W. (2025, May 22). What AI Can Teach Us About Effective Professional Learning. CA Education Learning Lab.2025
Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J. W. (2023, January 25). Don’t force a false choice between algebra and data science. EdSource.2023
Burrill, G., Cohn, H., Lai, Y., Sinha, D. P., Son, J. Y., & Stevenson, K. F. (2023). Listening for common ground in high school and early collegiate mathematics. Notices of the American Mathematical Society, 70(5).2023
Lai, Y., & Son, J.Y., (2023). Why should I listen to you? If applications and theory could talk, Part 1 of n. American Math Society: Column on Teaching and Learning.2025

Peer-Reviewed Publications

TitleDate
Zhang, I., Jia, Y., Cheng, X., Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J. W. (2025). Empowering novice programmers: Redesigning documentation for effective informal learning. Journal of Educational Computing Research.2025
Zhang, I., Guo, X. H., Son, J. Y., Blank, I. A., & Stigler, J. W. (2025). Watching videos of a drawing hand improves students’ understanding of the normal probability distribution. Memory & Cognition, 53(1), 262-281.2025
Xu, A., Son, J. Y., & Sandhofer, C. M. (2024). A library for innovative category exemplars (ALICE) database: Streamlining research with printable 3D novel objects. Behavior Research Methods, 1-23. 2024
Jackson, M. C., Remache, L. J., Ramirez, G., Covarrubias, R., & Son, J. Y. (2024). Wise interventions at minority-serving institutions: Why cultural capital matters. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe00005702024
Tucker, M. C., Wang, X. W., Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J. W. (2024). Prediction versus production for teaching computer programming. Learning and Instruction, 91, 101871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2023.1018712024
Sutter, C. C., Jackson, M. C., Givvin, K. B., Stigler, J. W., & Son, J. Y. (2024). The “better book” approach to addressing equity in statistics: Centering the motivational experiences of students from racially marginalized backgrounds for widespread benefit. Education Sciences, 14, 487. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci140504872024
Zhang, I., Guo, X. H., Son, J. Y., Blank, I. A., & Stigler, J. W. (2024). Watching videos of a drawing hand improves students’ understanding of the normal probability distribution. Memory & Cognition, 1-20. 2024
Salas, J.L., Wang, X.W., Tucker, M.C., & Son, J.Y. (2024). Memorization and performance during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence of shifts from an interactive textbook. Online Learning Journal.2024
Remache, L.J., Covarrubias, R., Ramirez, G., Jackson, M., & Son, J.Y. (2023). The impact of a tailored psychologically-wise intervention on academic outcomes during COVID-19. Understanding Interventions.  2023
Zhang, I. (Y.), Gray, M. E., Cheng, A. (X.), Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J. W. (2023). Representational-mapping strategies improve learning from an online statistics textbook. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000474 2023
Eghterafi, W., Tucker, M.C., Zhang, Y., & Son, J.Y. (2022). Effect of feedback with video-based peer modeling on learning and self-efficacy. Online Learning Journal.2022
Tucker, M.C., Shaw, S.T., Son, J.Y., & Stigler, J.W. (2022). Teaching statistics and data science with R. Journal of Statistics and Data Science Education, .2022
Lawson, A.P., & Son, J.Y. (2021). Priming students to calculate inhibits sense-making. Journal of Cognitive Science, 29, 41-69.2021
Zhang, I., Givvin, K. B., Sipple, J. M., Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J. W. (2021). Instructed hand movements affect students’ learning of an abstract concept from video. Cognitive Science, 45, 12-40.2021
Ramirez, G., Covarrubias, R., Jackson, M., & Son, J.Y. (2021). Making hidden resources visible in a minority serving college context. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology.2021
Son, J.Y., Blake, A.B., Fries, L., & Stigler, J.W. (2021). Modeling first: Applying learning science to the teaching of introductory statistics. Journal of Statistics Education.2021
Ford, B., Chilton, K., Endy, C., Henderson, M., Jones, B. A., & Son, J. Y. (2020). Beyond big data: Teaching introductory US history in the age of student success. Journal of American History, 106(4), 989-1011.2020
Fries, L., Son, J.Y., Givvin, K.B., & Stigler, J.W. (2020). Practicing connections: A framework to guide instructional design for learning in complex domains. Educational Psychology Review.2020
Stigler, J.W., Son, J.Y., Givvin, K.B., Blake, A., Fries, L., Shaw, S.T., & Tucker, M.C. (2020). The Better Book approach for education research and development. Teachers College Record.2020
Lawson, A.P., Davis, C., & Son, J.Y. (2019). Not all flipped classes are the same: Using learning science to design flipped classrooms. Journal of Scholarship in Teaching and Learning.2019
Lawson, A.P., Mirinjian, A., & Son, J.Y. (2018). Can preventing calculations help students learn math? Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 2, 178-197. https://doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.17.2.1782018
Son, J.Y., Ramos, P., DeWolf, M., Loftus, W., & Stigler, J.W. (2018). Exploring the practicing-connections hypothesis: Using gesture to support coordination of ideas in understanding a complex statistical concept. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-017-0085-02018
Geller, E.H., Son, J. Y., & Stigler, J.W. (2017). Conceptual explanations and understanding fraction comparisons. Learning and Instruction, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.05.0062017
DeWolf, M., Son, J. Y., Bassok, M., & Holyoak, K. J. (2017). Relational priming based on a multiplicative schema for whole numbers and fractions. Cognitive Science, doi:10.1111/cogs.124682017
Son, J.Y., & Rivas, M.J. (2016). Designing clicker questions to stimulate transfer. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 2, 193-207.2016
Son, J.Y., Narguizian, P., Beltz, D., & Desharnais, R.A. (2016). Comparing physical, virtual, and hybrid flipped labs for general education biology. Online Learning Journal, 20, 228–243.2016
Lin, Y.I., Son, J.Y., & Rudd, J.A. (2016). Asymmetric translation between multiple representations in chemistry. International Journal of Science Education, 38, 644-662.2016
Thai, K.-P., Son, J.Y., & Goldstone, R.L. (2016). The simple advantage in perceptual and categorical generalization. Memory & Cognition, 44, 292-306. 2016
Fyfe, E.,R., McNeil, N., Son, J.Y., & Goldstone, R.L. (2014). Concreteness fading in mathematics and science instruction: A systematic review. Educational Psychology Review, 26, 9-25.2014
Son, J.Y., Smith, L.B., Goldstone, R.G., & Leslie, M. (2012). The importance of being interpreted: Grounded words and children's relational reasoning. Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, 3, 45.2012
Kuwabara, M., Son, J.Y., & Smith, L.B. (2011). Attention to context: U.S. and Japanese children's emotional judgments. Journal of Cognition and Development, 12, 502-517.2011
Son, J.Y., Smith, L.B., & Goldstone, R.L. (2011). Connecting instances to promote children's relational reasoning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 108, 260-277.2011
Goldstone, R. L., Son, J. Y, & Byrge, L. (2011). Early perceptual learning. Infancy, 16, 45-51.2011
Son, J.Y. (2010). Abstracting the Concrete: How Symbols, Experiences, and Language Act as Forces of Contextualization. Saarbrücken, Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing.2010
Son, J.Y., Doumas, L.A.A., & Goldstone, R.L. (2010). When do words promote analogical transfer? Journal of Problem Solving, 3, 52-92.2010
Goldstone, R.L., Landy, D.H., & Son, J.Y. (2010). The education of perception. Topics in Cognitive Science, 2, 265-284.2010
Kellman, P.J., Massey, C.M., & Son, J.Y. (2010). Perceptual learning modules in mathematics: Enhancing students' pattern recognition, structure extraction, and fluency. Topics in Cognitive Science, 2, 285-305.2010
Son, J.Y., & Goldstone, R.L. (2009). Contextualization in perspective. Cognition and Instruction, 27, 1-39.2009
Son, J.Y., & Goldstone, R.L. (2009). Fostering general transfer with specific simulations. Pragmatics & Cognition, 17, 1-42.2009
Son, J.Y., Smith, L.B., & Goldstone, R.L. (2008). Simplicity and generalization: Short-cutting abstraction in children’s object categorizations. Cognition, 108, 626-638.2008
Goldstone, R.L., & Son, J.Y. (2005). The transfer of scientific principles using concrete and idealized simulations. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 14, 69-114.2005
Goldstone, R.L., & Son, J.Y. (2005). Similarity. In K.J. Holyoak & R.G. Morrison (Eds.), Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning (pp. 13-36). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.2005

 


 

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Post-Doctoral Training, Psychology 2007-2009

  • UCLA
    Los Angeles, CA

PhD, Cognitive Science and Psychology 2007

  • Indiana University
    Bloomington, IN

BS, Cognitive Science 2002

  • UCLA
    Los Angeles, CA