Calcium:
Osteoporosis = deficiency
- peak bone mass by age 35
- > age 40, lose calcium faster than it can be replaced
- first symptom may be a spontaneous fracture
- Those at highest risk:
- Caucasian females
- > menopause
- small skeleton, low weight
- diet low in calcium
- no exercise (weight bearing)
- smokers, alcohol, caffeine
- high protein diet