Ocean Bottom


Deep refers to any ocean area that has a depth of more than 18,000 feet. More than 100 deeps have been discovered in ocean floors and most are not found in the center of the oceans but close to mountainous islands where steep shores plunge down to the bottom of the sea. The deepest known is the Challenger Deep located in the Mariana Trench 200 miles southwest of Guam.



Benthos or Benthic Zone ranges from deepest parts of ocean up to areas affected by tides.The most productive region is over continental margin which is unaffected by tides. This bottom world includes all the burrowing creatures and scavengers. Some are limited to certain latitudes of ocean by food supply, temperature or disposition.


Worms, crustaceans, tiny starfish & protozoa live here as well as larger animals like clams, and exotic featherdusters. Infaunal forms feed by extending filters into current or straining muddy sediment, taking whatever food they can find. Bottom dwellers depend on dead & decaying organisms dropping from the waters above. When water is shallow, life is more plentiful.
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